Working with Multiple Connections

Working with Multiple Connections:-

• A workbook can contain multiple connections to multiple data sources. 
• Each connection is listed at the top of the Data window.
• Each worksheet has a primary connection and can optionally have several secondary connections using data blending. 
• The primary connection and the secondary connections are linked by specified relationships.
• Adding a secondary connection to a sheet can be useful when you have data in multiple data sources that you want to integrate into a single analysis.

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Clipboard Data Sources

Clipboard Data Sources:-

• Sometimes you want to pull in data from an outside source for some quick analysis. Rather than create a whole data source and then connect in Tableau, you can copy and paste the data directly into the application. 
• Tableau automatically creates a data source that you can begin analyzing. When you save the workbook, the data source is saved as a tab delimited text file into your Tableau Repository.
• You can copy and paste data from a variety of office applications including Microsoft Excel and Word. 
• You can also copy and paste html tables from webpages. 
• Tables that are copied as comma separated values or tab delimited can be pasted into Tableau. Please be aware that not all applications use these formats when copying.

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WORKSPACE COMPONENTS

::Data Window:-::

• Data fields appear on the left side of the workspace in the Data window. 
• You can hide and show the Data window by clicking the minimize button in the upper right corner of the Data window. 
• The Data window collapses to the bottom of the workbook. Click the minimize button again to show the Data window.

Organizing Sheets

::Organizing Sheets:-::
There are three ways to navigate and view the sheets in a workbook: 
1)Tabs at the bottom of the workbook
2)Filmstrip
3)Sheet sorter. 

1)Sheet Tabs:-

• Each sheet, whether worksheet or dashboard, is represented as a tab along the bottom of the workbook. 
• Dashboards are indicated with a Dashboard icon next to the sheet name. Simply select the tab for the sheet you want to open.

• In the bottom right corner of the application window, there are several controls that you can use to advance through each sheet or quickly jump to the first or last sheet in the workbook. 
• These controls are only available when there are too many sheet tabs to show across the bottom of the application window. You can also navigate between sheets using the Window menu or move through the multiple worksheets by pressing Ctrl + F6 on your keyboard

• To make it easier to identify and group sheets, you can assign each sheet tab a color. Rightclick the tab and select Color. You can select from seven different colors. Selecting None resets the color back to the default.

2)FILMSTRIP:-

• Similar to the sheet tabs, the filmstrip displays along the bottom of the workbook. However,instead of sheet names, the filmstrip shows a thumbnail image of each sheet. 
• The filmstrip is useful when you are using Tableau to present your analysis and works well when you are working in Presentation mode

3.Sheet Sorter:-

• The sheet sorter shows all sheets in a workbook as thumbnail images on a single page and is similar to the slide sorter in Microsoft Power Point. 
• The sheet sorter is useful when you have a large number of sheets in a workbook. 
• Open the sheet sorter by clicking the sheet sorter tab in the upper right corner of the workbook.

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Changing the Repository Location

::Changing the Repository Location:-::

You can specify a new location for the Tableau repository if you are not using the default

location in your Documents folder. For instance, if you are required to have your data on a

network server instead of on your local machine, you can point Tableau at the remote

repository.

1. Select File > Repository Location.

2. Select a new folder that will act as the new repository location in the Select a Repository

dialog box.

3. Restart Tableau so that it uses the new repository.

Note:-

Changing the repository location does not move the files contained in the original repository.

Instead, Tableau creates a new repository where you can store your files.

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TABLEAU WORKSHEETS

::WORKSHEETS:-::

• Each workbook can contain worksheets and dashboards. 
• A worksheet is where you build views of your data by dragging and dropping fields onto shelves. 
• A dashboard is a combination of several views that you can arrange for presentation or to monitor. 
• The sheets, whether worksheets or dashboards, display along the bottom of the workbook as tabs

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Creating Connections

Creating Connections:-

To build views of your data, you must first connect Tableau to a data source.
You can connect to any supported data source with the Connect to Data dialog box.
1. Select Data > Connect to Data or press Ctrl + D on your keyboard. You can also select the Connect to Data option on the start page.

2. On the Connect to Data page, select the type of data you want to connect to. You can also select a saved data connection (TDS files) open a Tableau Server Data Source.

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TABLEAU FILES AND FOLDERS

::FILES AND FOLDERS::

We can save your work using several different Tableau specific file types: 
1)Workbooks
2)Bookmarks
3) Packaged Data Files
4) Data Extracts
5)Data Connection Files. 

1)Workbooks (.twb) – 

Tableau workbook files have the .twb file extension. Workbooks
hold one or more worksheets and dashboards.

2)Bookmarks (.tbm) – 

Tableau bookmark files have the .tbm file extension. Bookmarks
contain a single worksheet and are an easy way to quickly share your work.

3)Packaged Workbooks (.twbx) – 

Tableau packaged workbooks have the .twbx file extension. A packaged workbook is a single zip file that contains a workbook along with any supporting local file data sources and background images. This format is the best
way to package your work for sharing with others who don’t have access to the data.

4)Data Extract (.tde) –
Tableau data extract files have the .tde file extension. Extract files are a local copy of a subset or entire data source that you can use to share data, work offline, and improve database performance.

5) Data Source (.tds) – 
Tableau data source files have the .tds file extension. Data source files are shortcuts for quickly connecting to data sources that you use often. Data source files do not contain the actual data but rather the information necessary to connect to the data source as well as modifications you've made in the Data window such as default properties, calculated fields, groups, and so on. 

6) Packaged Data Source (.tdsx) –
Tableau packaged data source files have the .tdsx
file extension. A packaged data source is a zip file that contains the data source file (.tds) described above as well as any local file data sources such as Extract files (.tde), text files, Excel files, Access files, and local cube files. Use this format to create a single file  that you can then share with others who may not have access to the original data stored locally on your computer


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Tableau WorkFlow

::TABLEAU WORKFLOW::

While Tableau lets you analyze databases and spreadsheets like never before, you don’t need to know anything about databases to use Tableau. In fact, Tableau is designed to allow business people with no technical training to analyze their data efficiently.

Tableau is based on three simple concepts:

1. Connect2. Analyze3. Share

1. Connect :- 

Connect Tableau to any database that you want to analyze. Note that Tableau does not import the data. Instead it queries to the database directly.

2. Analyze :- 

Analyzing data means viewing it, filtering it, sorting it, performing calculations on it, reorganizing it, summarizing it, and so on.
Using Tableau you can do all of these things by simply arranging fields of your data source on a Tableau worksheet. When you drop a field on a worksheet, Tableau queries the data using standard drivers and query languages (like SQL and MDX) and presents a visual analysis of the data.

3. Share: -

You can share results with others either by sharing workbooks with other

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TABLEAU COMPONENTS

Tableau Software provides software applications for fast analytical and rapid fire business intelligence.

Tableau Desktop:-

• Tableau Desktop is a data visualization application that lets you analyze virtually any type of structured data and produce highly interactive, beautiful graphs, dashboards, and reports in just minutes. 
• After a quick installation, you can connect to virtually any data source from spreadsheets to data warehouses and display information in multiple graphic perspectives.
•  Designed to be easy to use, you’ll be working faster than ever before.

Tableau Server:-

• Tableau Server is a business intelligence solution that provides browser-based visual analytics anyone can use at just a fraction of the cost of typical BI software. 
• With just a few clicks, you can publish or embed live, interactive graphs, dashboards and reports with current data automatically customized to the needs of everyone across yourorganization.
•  It deploys in minutes and users can produce thousands of reports without the need of IT services — all within your IT infrastructure.

Tableau Reader:-

• Tableau Reader is a free viewing application that lets anyone read and interact with packaged workbooks created by Tableau Desktop

Tableau Public:-

• Tableau Public is a free service that lets anyone publish interactive data to the web. 
• Once on the web, anyone can interact with the data, download it, or create their own visualizations of it.
•  No programming skills are required. Be sure to look at the gallery to see some of the things people have been doing with it.

Tableau Online:-

Tableau Online is cloud analytics for everyone,everywhere.It is the hosted version of tableau server in the Cloud.Tableau online makes BI Faster and easier than ever before.Publish Dashboards created in Tableau Desktop and share them with anyone in fraction of seconds.

     

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Tableau Data Extract API

::Tableau Data Extract API::

Use the Tableau Data Extract API to connect to data that is not a supported data source. With
the Tableau Data Extract API, you create a program that accesses and processes your data.
You then use that program to create a Tableau Data Extract (TDE) file.
The Data Extract API is available for developers on Windows platforms. Go to http://www-
.tableausoftware.com/data-extract-api, and choose the appropriate version for your platform
and programming language:

•    Data Extract API – Python – 32-bit
•    Data Extract API – Python – 64-bit
•    Data Extract API - C/C++/Java – 32-bit
•    Data Extract API - C/C++/Java - 64bit

::Notes for Developers::

The Data Extract API includes a sample program, makeorder, coded in each supported language
to demonstrate a typical usage scenario: creating an extract containing product orders.
The application creates the extract order.tde with several columns of different types. The general
flow of the sample programs is:
1. Open an Extract object to create a new file.
2. Define the extract’s schema using a TableDefinition.
3. Add the Extract table.
4. Insert rows.
5. Close all objects.

It is important to free memory by closing all objects, and it is particularly critical to ensure
Extract objects are cleaned up properly, particularly in non-native execution environments. See
the note sections below for language-specific details.

String columns in a Data Extract can be 8- or 16-bit and can be sorted according to many available
collations. By default, strings are sorted according to their binary representation, though
this can be changed on a per-table or per-column basis.

::Python Notes::

Objects in the Data Extract API are automatically closed by _del_ when necessary. While garbage collection handles the vast majority of concerns related to releasing resources, it is important to note that the virtual machine provides no guarantee that any particular object will ever be freed. While most objects are merely memory, Extract objects represent physical files
created when close is invoked. Therefore, it is not safe to rely on garbage collection to close
Extract objects. We recommend using with statements to ensure Extract instances are
cleaned up. Alternatively, you can explicitly call close

::Java Notes::

Data Extract API objects are automatically closed by finalize() as necessary. The Java
Virtual Machine does not guarantee that any particular object is ever garbage collected. While
most objects are merely memory that can be safely reclaimed by the operating system at JVM
shutdown, Extract objects represent physical files that are created when close() is invoked.
Therefore, it is important to invoke Java Notes Data Extract API objects are automatically closed by finalize() as necessary. The Java Virtual Machine does not guarantee that any particular object is ever garbage collected. While most objects are merely memory that can be safely reclaimed by the operating system at JVM shutdown, Extract objects represent physical files that are created when close() is invoked.Therefore, it is important to invoke Extract.close() for all Extract instances. We recommend using the try-with-resources construct introduced in Java 7. For earlier versions of Java, you must call Java Notes

::C++ Notes::

Data Extract API objects should be managed according to standard memory management
best practices, such as using stack variables or smart pointers. As in other languages, all
objects have a Close() method to free internal resources. Close() is invoked by the
destructor when necessary. However, it is important to note that Extract::Close() may
throw an exception, so it is safer to call it explicitly, rather than allowing an exception to potentially escape the destructor.

::C Notes::

Objects in the Data Extract C API are managed through opaque TAB_HANDLEs. Every
created object must be closed. It is advisable to free objects in the reverse order of creation. explicitly.
.

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Optimizing Extracts

::Optimizing Extracts::

• To improve performance when working with extracts you can optimize the extract. Optimizing moves the calculated fields you’ve created into the extract so that they don’t have to be computed locally every time you use them.
• Optimize the extract by selecting a data source on the Data menu and then selecting  Extract >Optimize.
• When you modify the calculated field, the modified version will be used until you optimize the extract again.
• Each time you optimize the extract, any deleted calculations will be removed fro the extract, new ones will be added, and modified ones will be updated.

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EXTRACTING DATA

::Extracting Data::

Extracts are saved subsets of a data source that you can use to improve performance, upgradeyour data to allow for more advanced capabilities, and analyze offline. You can create an extract by defining filters and limits that include the data you want in the extract. After you create an extract you can refresh it with data from the original data source. You can either fully refresh the data, replacing all of the extract contents; or you can increment the extract; which only adds rows that are new since the last refresh.

Extracts can:

• l Improve performance. For file based data sources such as Excel or Access, a full extract takes advantage of the Tableau data engine. For large data sources, a filtered extract can limit the load on the server when you only need a subset of data.

• l Add functionality to file based data sources, such as the ability to compute Count Distinct.
• l Provide offline access to your data. If you are traveling and need to access your data offline, you can extract the relevant data to a local data source.

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DATA BLENDING

DATA BLENDING:-

• Data blending is when you blend data from multiple data sources on a single worksheet. 
• The data is joined on common dimensions. Data Blending does not create row level joins and is not a way to add new dimensions or rows to your data. Instead, data blending should be used when you have related data in multiple data sources that you want to analyze together in a single view. For example, you may have Sales data collected in an Oracle database and Sales Goal data in an Excel spreadsheet.
• To compare actual sales to target sales, you can blend the data based on common dimensions to get access to the Sales Goal measure.
• To integrate data, you must first define common dimensions between the primary and secondary data sources. For example, when blending Actual and Target sales data, the two data sources may have a Date field in common. The Date field must be specified as a linking field.
•  If the two dimensions don’t have the same name, you can define a custom relationship that creates the correct mapping between fields.
• For each data source that is used on the sheet, a query is sent to the database and the results are processed. Then all the results are left joined on the common dimensions.
•  The join is done on the member aliases of the common dimensions so if the underlying values aren’t an exact match, you can fix it up in Tableau.
• In general, a good test to see whether data can be integrated smoothly is to drag the dimensions from the primary data source into a text table on one sheet. Then on another sheet, drag the same fields from the secondary data source into a text table. 
• If the two tables match up then the data is most likely going to blend correctly

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Tableau Workspace

• The Tableau workspace consists of menus, a toolbar, the Data window, cards that containshelves and legends, and one or more sheets. Sheets can be worksheets or dashboards.
• Worksheets contain shelves, which are where you drag data fields to build views. You canchange the default layout of the shelves and cards to suit your needs, including resizing, moving,and hiding them.
• Dashboards contain views, legends, and quick filters. When you first create a dashboard, theDashboard is empty and all of the worksheets in the workbook are shown in the Dashboardwindow.

                                                           Workspace in Tableau 8

Workspace in Tableau 9

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TABLEAU WORKBOOKS

TABLEAU WORKBOOKS:-

• Tableau workbook files are much like Microsoft Excel workbooks. They contain one or more sheets, which can be worksheets or dashboards. They allow you to organize, save, and share your results.
• The workbook is the container for all of your work in Tableau.
• When you open Tableau, a blank workbook is automatically created.
• You can also create a new workbook by selecting File > New or by pressing Ctrl + N on your keyboard. 
• You can open an existing workbook by doing one of the following:
• Click the thumbnail image of the workbook on the start page. The start page shows workbooks that you’ve recently opened.
• Select File > Open and navigate to the location of your workbook using the Open dialog box. 
• Tableau workbooks have a .twb or .twbx file extension.
• Double-click on any workbook file in the Windows explorer.
• Drag any workbook file onto the Tableau desktop icon or onto the running application.
• The workbook name is displayed in Tableau’s title bar.

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